The American space agency is counting down to the lift-off of its giant new Moon rocket – the Space Launch System.
SLS is the most powerful vehicle ever developed by Nasa, and will be the foundation of its Artemis project which aims to put people back on the lunar surface after a 50-year absence.
The moon mission will lay groundwork for flights to Mars in the 2040s.
The rocket is timed to go up from the Kennedy Space Centre at 08:33 local time (12:33 GMT; 13:33 BST) on Monday (August 29).
Its job will be to propel a test capsule, called Orion, far from Earth.
This spacecraft will loop around the Moon on a big arc before returning home to a splashdown in the Pacific Ocean in six weeks’ time.
Orion is uncrewed for this demonstration but assuming all the hardware works as it should, astronauts will climb aboard for a future series of ever more complex missions, starting in 2024.
“Everything we’re doing with this Artemis I flight, we’re looking at through the lens of what can we prove out and what can we demonstrate that will buy down risk for the Artemis II crewed mission,” explained Nasa astronaut Randy Bresnik.
Upwards of 200,000 people are expected to line the beaches and causeways around Kennedy. Campervans began staking out the best positions on Sunday.
The ascent should be spectacular.
SLS will be pulling 39.1 meganewtons (8.8 million pounds) of thrust off the pad. That’s close to 15% more than the Saturn V rockets that sent the Apollo astronauts on their way to the Moon in the 1960s and 70s.
Put another way, the SLS’s engines could power the equivalent of almost 60 Concorde supersonic jets on take-off.
“This rocket will be bigger, louder and more impressive than any you’ve seen before,” said Lorna Kenna, vice president of the Jacobs Space Operations Group, a major contractor at Kennedy.
“There’s nothing quite like feeling sound – not just hearing it, but feeling it wash over you.”
The mission’s chief objective actually comes right at the end.
Engineers are most concerned to see that Orion’s heatshield will cope with the extreme temperatures it will encounter on re-entry to Earth’s atmosphere.
Orion will be coming in very fast – at 38,000km/h (24,000mph), or 32 times the speed of sound.
“Even the reinforced carbon-carbon that protected the shuttle was only good for around 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit (1,600C),” said Mike Hawes, the Orion programme manager at aerospace manufacturer Lockheed Martin.
“Now, we’re coming in at more than 4,000 degrees (2,200C). We’ve gone back to the Apollo ablative material called Avcoat. It’s in blocks with a gap filler, and testing that is a high priority.”
This flight is a big moment not just for Nasa, but for the European Space Agency.
